• Book Beginning
  • Acknowledgments
  • Sources & Bibliography
  • Mary Ames Mitchell

1147 The Second Crusade

Eastern Christians were unable to mirror the success of their Christian cousins in the West. By 1147, the year King Afonso I of Portugal took control of Lisbon from the Moors, the Turks had re-taken Palestine and were near to breaking through Constantinople’s three walls. Pilgrims from throughout Western Europe gathered for a Second Crusade. This time the Pope told the common folk to stay home and let the nobles and their trained armies forge the way.

The chief participants in the Second Crusade were King Louis VII of France, Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine [who was still married to King Louis of France(1)], and King Conrad of Germany, the Holy Roman Emperor. Nobles from England, Hungary, Sicily, Flanders [Belgium] and Friesland joined in, too. The latter groups traveled by sea, stopping off at Portugal to illicit the support of the new king, Afonso I.

The majority of the Second Crusaders lost their lives along the road to Jerusalem. The Turks slaughtered most of those who made it to the city and tried to scale its walls. The few survivors returned to Europe utterly humiliated.

Notes:

  1. Eleanor did not marry Henry, Duke of Normandy and Count of Anjou until 1152, two years before he became Henry II, King of England. [They were third cousins. He was nine years younger.] She had obtained an annulment from King Louis VII of France on the grounds that she only bore him daughters, no sons. With Henry, she had eight children: five sons – three became kings – and three daughters – one married Alfonso VIII and became Queen of Castile.

Next article: 1154 Mohammad Al Idrisi’s World Map

Contents

Welcome
Notes on Discussing Time
Knowledge Ancient World
Technology Migrates West
The Romans and Latin
Iberia, Brittania, Fall of Rome
Judaism
Christianity
600s The Rise of Islam
800s Christian Europe
County of Portugal

980s The Vikings
1000s Fight for Jerusalem
1143 Portugal’s Independence
1147 Second Crusade
1154 Al-Idrisi’s World Map
1170 Prince Madog of Wales
1187 Third to Fifth Crusades
1200s Mongolian Empire
The Silk Road
Herbs and Spices
Legend of Prester John
1271 Marco Polo
Volta do Mar
Mythical Atlantic Islands
Real Atlantic Islands
Ancient Texts Resurface
Through the Pillars of Hercules
Rise of Portuguese
The Order of Christ
Pedro and Inês
Black Death
1303 Knights Templar in America
14th Century Maps
Rihlas & Travelogues

Portugal, Castile, or England
The House of Avis
1400s Henry the Navigator
Age of Discovery Begins
Henry’s Navigation Center
Chinese Treasure Fleets
Royal Distractions
Cape Bojador
The Caravel
Tools for Navigation
The Astrolabe
1440s Beginning of Slave Trade
Western Land Sightings
1450 Fra Mauro Mappa Mundi
Claiming the Azores
Constantinople
Dinheiro – Portuguese Money
The Guinea Trade
Crossing the Equator
Polo & Toscanelli
Treaty of Alcáçovas-Toledo
The Carrack
Diogo Cão Reaches the Congo
The Rule of the Sun
Overland to Abyssinia
Christopher Columbus
Columbus’ Calculations
1480 Alonso Sanchez of Huelva

c1485 Columbus Leaves Portugal
1486 Pushing West from Azores
1487-88 Bartolomeu Dias
Portuguese Reach Calicut
1487 Columbus in Spain
Conquest of Granada
Columbus’ New Proposal
1492 Columbus’ 1st Voyage
Treaty of Tordesillas
1493 Columbus’ 2nd Voyage
Calculating Longitude
1495 King Manoel I
John Cabot
Nuremberg Connection
Cabot in England
1497-98
Cabot’s 1st & 2nd Voyages

1497-98 Vasco da Gama
Cabot’s Return
1498 Cabot’s 3rd Voyage
1498 Columbus’ 3rd Voyage
1499 William Weston
1499 The Corte-Reals
1500 Fernão Alvares Cabral
1502 Columbus’ 4th Voyage
Maps After Columbus
Loose Ends
Mysterious Dighton Rock

We invite your feedback. If you have any comments, suggestions, or corrections, please email them to Mary.
Please tell me to which page you are referring. Thanks.

©2015 Mary Ames Mitchell. All rights reserved.
Book Beginning | Acknowledgments | Sources & Bibliography | Mary Ames Mitchell

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